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When should watertight pipe fittings be used?

  1. Only at the beginning of a trench

  2. For horizontal and vertical changes in direction or grade

  3. Only for drainage purposes

  4. Only on higher elevation installations

The correct answer is: For horizontal and vertical changes in direction or grade

Watertight pipe fittings are essential in situations where there are changes in direction or grade of the piping system. Using these fittings ensures that water does not leak out at joints where the angle or elevation changes. This is especially important in both horizontal and vertical applications, as it helps to maintain the integrity of the plumbing system and prevents water damage and erosion. In drainage systems, the potential for water leakage increases when the direction of the piping alters. That's why watertight fittings are crucial at such points; they provide reliability and prevent potential issues that can arise from leaks, such as soil saturation or foundation problems. This practice is not limited to just drainage purposes, higher elevations, or the start of a trench. It's applicable throughout the system wherever there are changes in direction or elevation, making option B the most comprehensive and correct choice.